Kerala culture is a blend of Dravidian
and Aryan culture. During 10th century Kerala was a part of great
Tamil heritage region known as

Tamilakam
and was greatly influenced by the Dravidian culture. The unique
art forms of Kerala include:
KOODIYATTOM, in which Chakyar is the main actor
who performs the ritualistic Koothu and attam inside the temple
or in the Koothambalam.
KATHAKALI which is a combination of five elements
of fine art: such as Expression, Dance, Enactment, Song and Instrument.
OTTAMTHULAL: A single actor wears colorful costumes,
while reciting thullal (dance songs), all the while acting and dancing.
MOHINIATTAM: The term comes from the words "Mohini"
meaning a woman who enchants onlookers and "aattam" meaning
graceful and sensuous body movements and Chakyar Koothu in which
Koothu" means dance - which is a misnomer, since there is minimal
choreography involved in this art form; facial expressions are most
important.
THEYYAM: The other art forms are more or less religious
and triballike Theyyam. The term Theyyam is a corrupt form of daivam
or God.
It is a rare combination of dance and music and reflects important
features of a tribal culture and are mainly practised in north kerala
, Markkam Kali the subject usually is the arrival of Mar Thoma and
his efforts to convert other people to Christianity in Kerala and
Oppana generally presented by females, numbering about fifteen including
musicians, on a wedding day. The bride dressed in all finery, covered
with gold ornaments is the chief spectator who sits on a peetam,
around which the singing and dancing take place. While they sing,
they clap their hands rhythmically and move around the bride using
simple steps. Two or three girls begin the songs and the rest join
in chorus. It is usually practised by the Muslim community.
Kerala Literature marks its separate identity from 14th century
onwards, with Niranam a small village in Kerala near Mannar poets
such as Madhava Panikkar, Sankara Panikkar and Rama Panikkar whose
works mark the dawn of both modern Malayalam language and indigenous
Kerala poetry. The Niranam poets freed the literature from Manipravala,
a mix of Sanskrit and Malayalam. Poets like Kumaran Asan, Vallathol
Narayana Menon and Ullor S. Parameswara Iyer were recoganised
as poets who moved Kerala poetry to more lyrical mode. Modern
writers like G. Sankara Kurp, S.K Pottakkat, M.T Vasudevan Nair,
O.V Vijayan , M Mukundan and Arundhati Roy enriched the modern
Malayalam literature.
Kerala music also has ancient roots. Carnatic music dominates Kerala
traditional music which was popularised by Swathi Thirunal Rama
Varma in 19th century. Panchavadyam is a different form of percussion
ensemble in which hundred of artists use five different types of
instruments and the performance may last for four to five hours.
Tayambaka is a solo chenda performance, supported by other itantala
(treble) and valanthala (bass) chenda and ilatalam cymbals.
God's own country, Kerala also prides itself for its repertoire
of rich cultural heritage. Kerala holds a place of honour among
the people of India who have enriched Indian Cultural Heritage and
helped the cause of national integration. Kerala's culture is in
fact, an integral part of Indian culture. Kerala is a great place
to tour to during your holiday. Kerala's performing arts are feast
to the eyes of tourists. A sheer variety of art forms, when performed
by consummate artistes with the requisite paraphernalia make watching
them worth. Legends and legendary characters resurrect from the
dog-eared pages of history books and make their apparitions on the
stages leaving the audience in ecstasy. The attire roves and facial
expressions of the artistes are a sumptuous treat for eyes. Centuries
down, Kerala's performing arts had enjoyed the patronage and pats
from successive rulers. Besides, the now defunct feudal system had
also contributed for the nourishment of art and culture.
The Northern region of the state is a repertoire of arts and culture.
Many of these performing arts are enmeshed with the cultural history
of religious communities. While classical art forms such as Kathalkali
and Bharathayatyam were the stronghold of upper class, those from
lower strata of the society performed dance forms such as Theyyam
and Padayani. If the former class performed in the temple premises
and specially erected stages, the later had to venture on streets
to show their artistic prowess.
A majority of the people of Kerala are Dravidians, who also inhibit
most of the southern part of India. Hinduism is the main religion
with significant percentages of Muslims and Christians. Kerala's
culture is also a composite and cosmopolitan culture to which several
people and races have made their significant contributions. It is
an educationally advanced state with its own language, Malayalam,
and has the literacy rate of 100%, the only state in India to achieve
such honor. With passing phase, Kerala is adjusting to the new values
and at the same time trying to maintain the good things of its old
tradition.
Kerela is also known for Kathakali - a 300-year-old dance form developed
exclusively in the state combining the performing art forms of opera,
ballet, masque, and pantomime. The dance is a beautiful blending
of color, dance, music, drama, and expressions. Other dance forms
of Kerala are Krishnanattom, Mohiniyattom, Thullal, Koodiyattom,
Kolkkali, Thiruvathirakali, Kakkarishi Natakom, Oppanna, and Chavittunatakom,
Panchavadyam, Nadanpattu, Omanathinkal Kidavo and many more music
forms have evolved over the centuries in Kerala.
Onam is a time for sports and festivities and in Kerala - where
one third of the area is low lying, covered with canals, lakes and
backwaters - the people take to their boats and country crafts to
celebrate. This is perhaps the best time to go on a tour of Kerala,
India. Christmas is another festival that is celebrated with much
vigor and enthusiasm in the state. Other important festivals of
Kerala are Eid, Muharram, and other festivals that are traditionally
celebrated all over the country. Kerala's genius for adaptation
and fusion of old traditions and new values in every sphere of human
thought and endeavor is also evident in its cuisine.
Kerala has a distinctive cuisine, very unusual and different from
the rest of India. Cooking in Kerala is all about discoveries, aromas
and colors. It's a melting pot of different ingredients sprinkled
by the various communities down the ages. Kerala is known for its
variety of pancakes and steamed rice cakes made from pounded rice.
In seafood, mussels are a favorite. For the Christians, who can
be seen in large concentration in areas like Kottayam and Pala,
Ishtew with Appam is a must for every marriage reception. Kerala
also has its own fermented beverages -the famous Kallu (Toddy) and
Patta Charayam(Arrack). Arrack is extremely intoxicating and is
usually consumed with spicy pickles and boiled eggs (Patta and Mutta).
During your Kerala tour you can experiment with the myriad cuisine
of Kerala, which are a gastronome's delight. Thus, in its totality,
the culture of Kerala represents the quintessence of the collective
achievements of a people in the fields of religion and philosophy,
language and literature, art and architecture, education and learning
and economic and social organization.